{"id":5816,"date":"2026-03-23T16:51:41","date_gmt":"2026-03-23T15:51:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/materiality.pl\/?p=5816"},"modified":"2026-03-31T16:15:13","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T14:15:13","slug":"5-myths-about-balanced-development-of-renewables","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/materiality.pl\/en\/wiedza-i-praktyka\/5-mitow-o-zrownowazonym-rozwoju-oze\/","title":{"rendered":"5 myths about sustainable RES development"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Mit 1: \u201eOZE s\u0105 niestabilne i nie dadz\u0105 ci\u0105g\u0142ej energii”<\/h2>\n

Krytycy twierdz\u0105, \u017ce energia z wiatru i s\u0142o\u0144ca jest zbyt zmienna, by zapewni\u0107 stabilne dostawy pr\u0105du. Wed\u0142ug raportu IEA Renewables 2024<\/strong> \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a odnawialne maj\u0105 dostarcza\u0107 46% globalnej produkcji pr\u0105du do 2030 roku[1.], a koszty magazyn\u00f3w bateryjnych spad\u0142y o 93% od 2010 roku[2.]. Hybrydowe instalacje OZE-plus-baterie skutecznie eliminuj\u0105 problem zmienno\u015bci. W Polsce wed\u0142ug danych PSE i Forum Energii w maju 2024 roku OZE osi\u0105gn\u0119\u0142y rekordowy udzia\u0142 35,9% w produkcji energii \u2013 bez zak\u0142\u00f3ce\u0144 w pracy systemu[3.].<\/p>\n

Mit 2: \u201eOZE s\u0105 dro\u017csze ni\u017c w\u0119giel i gaz”<\/h2>\n

Panuje przekonanie, \u017ce zielona energia jest luksusem. Dane IRENA<\/strong> z raportu Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2024<\/strong> pokazuj\u0105 co\u015b przeciwnego: 91% nowych mocy OZE wytwarza\u0142o pr\u0105d taniej ni\u017c najta\u0144sza alternatywa kopalna[4.]. Globalny koszt energii z wiatru na l\u0105dzie wyni\u00f3s\u0142 0,034 USD\/kWh, a z fotowoltaiki \u2013 0,043 USD\/kWh, czyli odpowiednio 53% i 41% poni\u017cej poziomu paliw kopalnych[5.]. W Polsce LCOE nowych farm wiatrowych jest ju\u017c ni\u017csze ni\u017c nowych blok\u00f3w w\u0119glowych[6.].<\/p>\n

Mit 3: \u201eProdukcja paneli i turbin niszczy \u015brodowisko bardziej ni\u017c pomaga”<\/h2>\n

Mit sugeruje, \u017ce emisje przy produkcji sprz\u0119tu OZE niweluj\u0105 korzy\u015bci klimatyczne. Raport NREL z 2024 roku<\/strong> wykaza\u0142, \u017ce system fotowoltaiczny zwraca energi\u0119 zu\u017cyt\u0105 na jego produkcj\u0119 w mniej ni\u017c 1,2 roku, a potem przez 29 lat generuje czyst\u0105 energi\u0119[7.]. Wed\u0142ug IPCC AR6<\/strong> emisje w cyklu \u017cycia fotowoltaiki wynosz\u0105 ok. 20\u201350 g CO\u2082eq\/kWh wobec ponad 800 g dla w\u0119gla[8.]. W Polsce ka\u017cdy nowy panel zast\u0119puje szczeg\u00f3lnie emisyjn\u0105 produkcj\u0119 w\u0119glow\u0105.<\/p>\n

Mit 4: \u201eOZE po\u017ceraj\u0105 zbyt du\u017co ziemi i zabijaj\u0105 ptaki”<\/h2>\n

Wed\u0142ug U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service<\/strong> turbiny wiatrowe powoduj\u0105 ok. 234 tys. zgon\u00f3w ptak\u00f3w rocznie w USA, podczas gdy koty domowe \u2013 2,4 mld, a zderzenia z budynkami \u2013 599 mln[9.]. To r\u00f3\u017cnica rz\u0119du czterech rz\u0119d\u00f3w wielko\u015bci. Farmy solarne coraz cz\u0119\u015bciej \u0142\u0105czy si\u0119 z rolnictwem w modelu agrivoltaics. W Polsce morskie farmy wiatrowe na Ba\u0142tyku minimalizuj\u0105 konflikt z u\u017cytkowaniem grunt\u00f3w.<\/p>\n

Mit 5: \u201eNie ma wystarczaj\u0105cych surowc\u00f3w, wi\u0119c OZE s\u0105 nie do utrzymania”<\/h2>\n

Raport IEA Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2024<\/strong> i towarzysz\u0105cy mu raport Recycling of Critical Minerals<\/strong> wskazuj\u0105, \u017ce recykling mo\u017ce obni\u017cy\u0107 zapotrzebowanie na wydobycie miedzi i kobaltu o 40%, a litu i niklu o 25% do 2050 roku[10.]. Post\u0119p technologiczny tak\u017ce pomaga \u2013 ilo\u015b\u0107 srebra i krzemu w ogniwach spad\u0142a o 40\u201350% w ostatniej dekadzie[11.]. Polska mo\u017ce skorzysta\u0107 na rozwoju europejskich \u0142a\u0144cuch\u00f3w recyklingu baterii.<\/p>\n

Podsumowanie<\/h2>\n

Dane naukowe nie pozostawiaj\u0105 w\u0105tpliwo\u015bci: zr\u00f3wnowa\u017cony rozw\u00f3j OZE jest nie tylko mo\u017cliwy, ale ju\u017c stanowi ekonomicznie i \u015brodowiskowo najkorzystniejsz\u0105 \u015bcie\u017ck\u0119 energetyczn\u0105. Ka\u017cdy rok op\u00f3\u017anienia to realne straty. Obalanie mit\u00f3w to pierwszy krok do szybszych decyzji.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Przypisy<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. IEA, Renewables 2024: Analysis and Forecast to 2030, Executive Summary, Paris 2024. Dost\u0119pne: https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/renewables-2024\/executive-summary<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. IRENA, Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2024, Abu Dhabi 2025, s. 3 (Executive Summary, Table S1). Dost\u0119pne: https:\/\/www.irena.org\/Publications\/2025\/Jun\/Renewable-Power-Generation-Costs-in-2024<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Forum Energii, 2024_wrapped: Podsumowanie elektroenergetyki w 2024 r., Warszawa, stycze\u0144 2025. Dost\u0119pne: https:\/\/www.forum-energii.eu\/2024_wrapped<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. IRENA, Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2024, op. cit., s. 2\u20134 (Executive Summary). 91% nowych mocy OZE ta\u0144szych od paliw kopalnych.<\/li>\n
  5. Ibid., s. 3 (Table S1): LCOE wiatru l\u0105dowego 0,034 USD\/kWh, fotowoltaiki 0,043 USD\/kWh; odpowiednio 53% i 41% poni\u017cej kosztu paliw kopalnych.<\/li>\n
  6. Forum Energii, 2024_wrapped, op. cit. Dane LCOE por\u00f3wnawcze dla Polski na podstawie ARE i PSE.<\/li>\n
  7. B. Smith, A. Sekar, H. Mirletz, G. Heath, R. Margolis, An Updated Life Cycle Assessment of Utility-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Systems Installed in the United States, NREL Technical Report NREL\/TP-6A20-87372, Golden 2024, s. iv\u2013v. EPBT: 0,5\u20131,2 roku. Dost\u0119pne: https:\/\/docs.nrel.gov\/docs\/fy24osti\/87372.pdf\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. IPCC, Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change, Working Group III, Chapter 6: Energy Systems, Cambridge 2022, Figure 6.18 i Annex III. Mediana emisji PV: ok. 26\u201348 g CO\u2082eq\/kWh; w\u0119giel: ok. 820 g CO\u2082eq\/kWh. Dost\u0119pne: https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/report\/ar6\/wg3\/chapter\/chapter-6\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Threats to Birds, 2024. Turbiny wiatrowe: ok. 234 tys.\/rok; koty: 2,4 mld\/rok; budynki: 599 mln\/rok. Dost\u0119pne: https:\/\/www.fws.gov\/library\/collections\/threats-birds. Dane pierwotne: S.R. Loss, T. Will, P.P. Marra, The Impact of Free-Ranging Domestic Cats on Wildlife of the United States, Nature Communications 4:1396, 2013.<\/li>\n
  10. IEA, Recycling of Critical Minerals, Executive Summary, Paris 2024. W scenariuszu APS recykling obni\u017ca zapotrzebowanie na nowe kopalnie o 40% (Cu, Co) i 25% (Li, Ni) do 2050 r. Dost\u0119pne: https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/recycling-of-critical-minerals\/executive-summary<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. IEA, The Role of Critical Minerals in Clean Energy Transitions, Executive Summary, Paris 2023. Redukcja zu\u017cycia srebra i krzemu w ogniwach PV o 40\u201350% w dekadzie 2013\u20132023. Dost\u0119pne: https:\/\/www.iea.org\/reports\/the-role-of-critical-minerals-in-clean-energy-transitions\/executive-summary<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Energy transition is one of the greatest challenges of our time, but its pace is hampered by deeply rooted myths. False beliefs about RES lead to delayed investment and perpetuate dependence on fossil fuels. Meanwhile, the latest scientific data shows unequivocally that most of the objections to renewable energy are outdated. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[44,23,22],"class_list":["post-5816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-artykuly","tag-dekarbonizacja","tag-emisje-gazow-cieplarnianych","tag-kryzys-klimatyczny"],"yoast_head":"\n5 mit\u00f3w o zr\u00f3wnowa\u017conym rozwoju OZE • MATERIALITY<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Czy OZE s\u0105 drogie, niestabilne i szkodliwe dla \u015brodowiska? Fakty i dane naukowe pokazuj\u0105, dlaczego to mity hamuj\u0105ce transformacj\u0119 energetyczn\u0105. Poznaj fakty o kosztach, stabilno\u015bci, surowcach i wp\u0142ywie OZE na \u015brodowisko \u2013 poparte danymi.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/materiality.pl\/en\/knowledge-and-practice\/5-myths-about-balanced-development-of-renewables\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"5 mit\u00f3w o zr\u00f3wnowa\u017conym rozwoju OZE • MATERIALITY\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Czy OZE s\u0105 drogie, niestabilne i szkodliwe dla \u015brodowiska? Fakty i dane naukowe pokazuj\u0105, dlaczego to mity hamuj\u0105ce transformacj\u0119 energetyczn\u0105. 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